The Philistines, the Sidonians, the Hivites, and all the Canaanites are left in the Promised Land to punish the Israelites for their disobedience, worshipping false gods, and intermarrying. The Israelites were persecuted for eight years in Mesopotamia, and they cried to the Lord, who raised him to deliver the Israelites. Othniel does so, and dies. The Israelites disobey once more and are made to suffer under Elgon, King of Moab. God raises Ehud, who kills the King by driving a sword through his belly, and there is peace for eight years. After that, Shamgar kills 600 Philistines with an ox goad.